GERKEN 9.0 9/17/2007 12:21:17 PM
2007] A Skeptical Response to Our Undemocratic Constitution 931
Louis Fisher,
30
Stephen Griffin,
31
Mark Tushnet,
32
Barry Friedman,
33
and
Sandy Levinson himself,
34
just to name a few of the most influential
scholars to have written in this area.
35
We even see discussions of the
Constitution from the People: Juricentric Restrictions on Section Five Power, 78 IND. L.
J. 1 (2003); Robert C. Post & Reva B. Siegel, Roe Rage: Democratic Constitutionalism
and Backlash (42 H
ARV. C.R.-C.L. L. REV., Working Paper No. 131, forthcoming
2007), available at http://www.papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=990968
[hereinafter Post & Siegel, Roe Rage]; Reva B. Siegel, Constitutional Culture, Social
Movement Conflict and Constitutional Change: The Case of the de facto ERA, 94 C
AL.
L. REV. 1323 (2006) [hereinafter Siegel, de facto ERA]; Siegel, Text in Context, supra
note 22, at 302–03.
27. See, e.g., Robert C. Post, The Supreme Court, 2000 Term—Foreword:
Fashioning the Legal Constitution: Culture, Courts, and Law, 117 H
ARV. L. REV. 4, 8
(2002); see also sources cited supra note 26.
28. See, e.g., LARRY D. KRAMER, THE PEOPLE THEMSELVES: POPULAR
CONSTITUTIONALISM AND JUDICIAL REVIEW (2004); Larry D. Kramer, Popular
Constitutionalism, Circa 2004, 92 C
AL. L. REV. 959 (2004) [hereinafter Kramer, Circa
2004].
29. See, e.g., Jack M. Balkin, Populism and Progressivism as Constitutional
Categories, 104 Y
ALE L.J. 1935 (1995) (reviewing CASS R. SUNSTEIN, DEMOCRACY
AND THE
PROBLEM OF FREE SPEECH (1993)); Jack M. Balkin & Sanford Levinson, The
Canons of Constitutional Law, 111 H
ARV. L. REV. 963 (1998); Jack M. Balkin &
Sanford V. Levinson, The Processes of Constitutional Change: From Partisan
Entrenchment to the National Surveillance State (Yale Law Sch., Working Paper No.
120, 2006), available at http://ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=930514 [hereinafter
Balkin & Levinson, Processes]; Jack M. Balkin, Respect-Worthy: Frank Michelman and
the Legitimate Constitution, 39 T
ULSA L. REV. 485 (2004) [hereinafter Balkin, Respect-
Worthy]; Jack M. Balkin & Sanford Levinson, Understanding the Constitutional
Revolution, 87 V
A. L. REV. 1045 (2001) [hereinafter Balkin & Levinson, Constitutional
Revolution]; Balkin & Siegel, supra note 26.
30. See, e.g., NEAL DEVINS & LOUIS FISHER, THE DEMOCRATIC
CONSTITUTION (2004).
31. See, e.g., STEPHEN M. GRIFFIN, AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONALISM: FROM
THEORY TO POLITICS (1996).
32. See, e.g., MARK TUSHNET, TAKING THE CONSTITUTION AWAY FROM THE
COURTS (1999) [hereinafter TUSHNET, AWAY FROM THE COURTS]; MARK TUSHNET,
THE NEW CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER (2003) [hereinafter TUSHNET, CONSTITUTIONAL
ORDER].
33. Barry Friedman, Mediated Popular Constitutionalism, 101 MICH. L. REV.
2596 (2003); Friedman & Smith, supra note 20.
34. See sources cited supra note 29.
35. For these purposes, I exclude the work of scholars like Robin West, who
shares many of the commitments of the scholars above but resists the normative claim
that we should frame important moral debates in constitutional terms. See, e.g., Robin
West, Constitutional Culture or Ordinary Politics: A Reply to Reva Siegel, 94 C
AL. L.
REV. 1465 (2006) [hereinafter West, Constitutional Culture]; Robin West, Katrina, the
Constitution, and the Legal Question Doctrine, 81 C
HI.-KENT L. REV. 1127 (2006).