Tornado Safety
Tornado! The number of tornadoes in Missouri for 2015 was 45, only one more than
in 2014. That is still well above the average (1950 -2015) of 33 tornadoes. The most
active month was May with 14, followed by July with 11, which is unusual. July is not
typically an active month for tornadoes. We can't stop tornadoes, but by being prepared
and following tornado safety rules, lives can be saved and injuries prevented.
Warning the public of severe weather is the National Weather Service's (NWS) most
important job. To help the public prepare for tornado situations, the NWS has adopted a
Watch and Warning program.
Tornado Watch: This means that conditions are favorable for severe thunderstorms
and possible tornado development. This is the time to prepare. Keep alert by listing to
NOAA Weather Radio, or the commercial media for the latest weather information.
Tornado Warning: This means a tornado has been sighted or the NWS is seeing
signs on radar that indicate a thunderstorm may be capable of producing a tornado at
any minute. People in the path of the storm should take immediate life-saving action.
In Homes and Most Structures: A basement or other underground location is by
far the best shelter from a tornado. If a basement is not available, move to an all interior
small room, or other interior location such as a hallway. Stay away from outside walls,
doors, and windows. Keep as many walls as you can between you and the wind
outside.
In schools, hospitals, factories, shopping centers and other public places, move to
designated shelter areas. Interior hallways on the lowest level are best. Stay away from
windows and out of auditoriums, gymnasiums, or structures with large free span roofs.
In Vehicles: DWhen talking about tornado safety and vehicles, there is not easy
answer. The best advice is to not drive when severe weather threatens!
Remember, a tornado will not slow down for traffic, stop signs, or curves on the road.
You must quickly assess your situation! If you have a clear path, and you can drive
in a direction away from the tornado, then do so. Another option would be to seek
shelter in a nearby substantial building. As a last resort, if you have no alternative,
abandon your vehicle and hide in a nearby ditch or depression and cover your head.
Most deaths occur because of head injuries caused by flying debris. There have been
conflicting opinions concerning highway underpasses and tornadoes. While an
underpass can offer protection from rain and hail it may not protect you from a strong
tornado. The wind from the tornado will actually accelerate as it blows though the
underpass likely sweeping everything away. There is also the risk of too many people
stopping, resulting in the roadway becoming blocked, which can cause more problems.
The best thing to do if severe weather threatens is to not drive. Stay in a safe
building until the storms pass.
Mobile Homes: Mobile homes should be abandoned in favor of a more substantial
structure if threatened by a tornado. When severe weather is approaching, move to a
different location for a couple of hours and wait until the storms have passed. Mobile
homes are not built to withstand the strong wind gusts that come from severe
thunderstorms or tornadoes.
Tornado Myths
Myth: Areas near rivers, lakes, and mountains are safe from tornadoes.
Fact: No place is safe from tornadoes. Tornadoes can cross rivers, travel up
mountains, and roar through valleys. The terrain changes in Missouri are not believed to
be great enough to influence tornado formation or movement.
Myth: Low pressure with a tornado causes buildings to "explode" as the tornado
passes overhead.
Fact: It is the force of the horizontal wind and debris slamming into buildings that
causes structural damage during a tornado. It is not the pressure change. The air
pressure will drop near a tornado. Many people near a tornado tell of their ears
"popping" due to the pressure change.
Myth: Windows should be opened before a tornado to equalize pressure and minimize
damage.
Fact: Opening windows allows damaging winds to enter the structure. Leave the
windows alone. It is now believed that a solid structure (no windows or doors open) has
a better chance of escaping major damage.
What if you are out in the open and a tornado approaches? The best
thing to do is to avoid such situations. Try to get to some type of structure for shelter. If
nothing is available, as a last resort, go to a low-lying area, such as a ditch, and lie flat.
Try to protect your head. Hopefully the flying debris (which is the cause of most deaths
and injuries) will fly over you.
