The Honorable Eduardo Arredondo - Page 2
A commissioners court may, through official action, delegate to the county judge its
implied authority to employ persons necessary to carry out county business.
A commissioners court is the governing body of the county and its “power is limited to that
which is expressly delegated to it by the Texas Constitution or Legislature, or necessarily implied
to perform its duties[.]” City of San Antonio v. City of Boerne, 111 S.W.3d 22, 29 (Tex. 2003). As
you observe, no state law specifically authorizes a commissioners court to hire a human resources
director. See Request Letter at 2. However, the Texas Constitution provides that a county
commissioners court “shall exercise . . . power[] and jurisdiction over all county business . . . .”
TEX. CONST. art. V, § 18(b). And under this provision courts have recognized a commissioners
court’s implied authority to employ persons necessary to carry out county business. See Henry v.
Cox, 520 S.W.3d 28, 32 n.6 (Tex. 2017) (acknowledging that an employment position was created
pursuant to a commissioners courts’ implied authority under article V, subsection 18(b)); Guynes
v. Galveston Cnty., 861 S.W.2d 861, 864 (Tex. 1993) (holding a commissioners court had authority
to fund and make use of a county legal department for the conduct of its civil legal affairs); see
also Tex. Att’y Gen. Op. No. JC-0264 (2000) at 3 (opining that “[t]he commissioners court has
implied authority to employ persons necessary to carry out county business derived from its
express constitutional authority” under article V, subsection 18(b) and statutes defining its hiring
powers generally).
At least one Texas court has held that a commissioners court may delegate to a committee
that includes a county judge its implied power to employ persons necessary to carry out county
business. In the case of Galveston County v. Gresham, the county commissioners passed a
resolution appointing the county judge and another individual to act as a committee “to employ
counsel to represent Galveston county in all legal and legislative matters pertaining to the
construction of a sea wall . . . .” 220 S.W. 560, 561 (Tex. Civ. App.—Galveston 1920, writ ref’d).
The county auditor subsequently refused to pay the individual hired to do the work arguing, in
part, that article V, subsection 18(b) did not authorize hiring the individual and that the
commissioners’ court had delegated “to agents the exercise of such judgment and discretionary
powers as are exclusively reposed by the Constitution and laws of this state in that court alone.”
Id. at 562. The Galveston Court of Appeals rejected both arguments. See id. at 562–63. The court
held that hiring the individual “was clearly ‘county business’ within the jurisdiction of the
commissioners’ court.” Id. at 562. The court further held that
[t]he [commissioners] court as such having first officially
determined upon and formally passed and entered its resolution
directing the employment of counsel for the particular purposes
specified, the mere carrying out of that action by selection of the
individual attorney, fixing his compensation, and drawing the
contract with him, were only such ministerial and executive duties
as could be turned over to its committee[.]
Id. at 563. Accordingly, a commissioners court may, through official action, delegate to the county
judge its implied authority to hire and employ persons.