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3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE CONTRACT
In response to the financial crisis of 2008, the European Commission pursued a number of
initiatives to create a safer and sounder financial sector for the single market. The Single
Resolution Mechanism (SRM) is one of them. It is the second pillar of the Banking Union. Its
legal basis are the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD), Directive (EU) No
59/2014 and the SRM Regulation (SRMR), Regulation (EU) No 806/2014.
Together with the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), for which the European Central
Bank is responsible, the Single Resolution Board (SRB) is one of the corner stones of a new
architecture in banking supervision and resolution within the Euro Area and beyond. Its
creation represents a major step towards ending the toxic cycle of too-big-to-fail of the past
and towards re-establishing the principles of the market economy in the banking sector.
The SRB is therefore the central decision-making body of the SRM and the European
resolution authority as part of the European Banking Union. Its mission is to ensure an
orderly resolution of failing banks with minimum impact on the real economy and public
finances of the participating Member States and beyond. The SRB is a self-financed
independent agency of the European Union, which has its seat in Brussels, Belgium. It works
in close cooperation in particular with the national resolution authorities of participating
Member States, the European Commission and the European Central Bank. The SRB is made
up of 6 permanent Board Members and the SRB conveys decisions in its executive and
plenary sessions. Any resolution decisions will be taken by the executive session.
The SRB is responsible for the preparation of resolution plans and, where required, will from
1 January 2016 carry out resolution activities for credit institutions under its remit. It is
responsible for managing the Single Resolution Fund (SRF), which was established as a pool
of money financed by the banking sector in order to ensure that medium-term funding
support is available in case a credit institution is restructured. The SRF will be built up
during the first eight years (2016-2023) to act as a buffer for the taxpayer in case of a bank
failing or likely to fail. The target volume of the SRF is measured in proportion to client
deposits held at all the banks in the Euro Area. The SRF shall reach at least 1 % of these so-
called covered deposits (deposits of up to 100,000 for each client at any bank) which could
lead to final size of the SRF of EUR 55bn. It will only be used as last resort once
shareholders and creditors have fully contributed to the resolution measures.
The SRB is operational since 1st January 2015 and has started to work on developing
resolution plans for credit institutions. It will be fully operational, with a complete set of
resolution powers, as of 1 January 2016.
The recent financial crisis has shown the need for adequate tools at Union level to deal
effectively with unsound or failing credit institutions and investment firms ('institutions').
The resolution framework should provide for timely entry into resolution before a financial
institution is balance-sheet insolvent and before all equity has been fully wiped out.
According to the SRMR, resolution should be initiated when an institution is failing or likely
to fail, no alternative measures (e.g. use of private funds) would prevent such a failure, and
there is public interest in placing the institution under resolution and applying resolution
tools rather than resorting to normal insolvency proceedings. When applying resolution tools
and exercising resolution powers, the SRB may need assistance or/and advice relating the